Cytogenetic profile of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Northern Pakistan

Maria Khan; Chaudhry Altaf Hussain; Hamid Saeed Malik; Mohammad Abdul Naeem

doi:10.12669/pjms.39.5.6405

Maria Khan Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion
Chaudhry Altaf Hussain
Hamid Saeed Malik
Mohammad Abdul Naeem

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6405

Keywords: Cytogenetics, Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Metaphase

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequencies of different cytogenetic abnormalities in patients of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Northern Pakistan.

Methods: It was descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Hematology Department of a Tertiary care referral institute from June 2015 to July 2017. All newly diagnosed cases of Acute Leukemia were analyzed. Cytogenetic analysis was performed on bone marrow aspirate samples using Giemsa-trypsin banding technique. Karyotypes were identified and interpreted according to ISCN criteria.

Results: A total of 355 newly diagnosed patients of Acute Leukemia were analyzed. Out of these, 180 patients had AML and 175 had ALL. In Acute Myeloid Leukemia chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 28.2 % cases. Of these the common ones included t(8;21),t(15;17),+8, Inversion 16 and Monosomy 7. Other abnormalities included Complex karyotype, Down’s syndrome related AML, Hyperdiploidy, del 16q,-8,+Y and t(3p;17q)del 10. In Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 40% cases. Common ones included Hyperdiploidy, Tetraploidy and t(9;22). Other abnormalities included t(1;19) and t(2;8)t(8;14).

Conclusion: Cytogenetically favorable abnormalities are commonest occurring chromosomal defects in both Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Northern Pakistan, i.e., t(8;21) in AML and Hyperdiploidy in ALL.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6405

How to cite this: Khan M, Altaf C, Malik HS, Naeem MA. Cytogenetic profile of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Northern Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):1440-1445. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6405

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