Factors influencing prognostic outcomes in children on noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure ventilation: A retrospective study

Abstract

Objective: To investigate factors influencing prognostic outcomes in children receiving non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) ventilation.

Methodology: Clinical data of 158 children who received nasal nCPAP at Hebei Children’s Hospital from February 2023 to May 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. During 72 hours of treatment, the patients were divided into a favorable-prognosis group (112 cases) and a poor-prognosis group (46 cases). Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for poor prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of the identified factors.

Results: Of the 158 children, 112 (70.9%) had a favorable prognosis and 46 (29.1%) had a poor prognosis. Significant between-group differences were observed in age and underlying diseases (P < 0.05). A decreased P/F ratio, elevated PCT, higher initial CPAP pressure, higher initial FiO₂, and vasoactive drug administration were independently associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.05). The respective AUCs of these factors were 0.944, 0.820, 0.850, 0.868, and 0.594.

Conclusion: A decreased P/F ratio, elevated PCT, higher initial CPAP pressure, higher initial FiO₂, and vasoactive drug administration were independently associated with poor prognosis in children receiving nCPAP.