Breast Abscess Caused by Salmonella paratyphi A in an Immunocompetent Non-Lactating Female: A Case Report

Abstract

Background: Breast abscesses are most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, whereas Salmonella enterica Paratyphi A is an exceptionally rare pathogen, even in regions where enteric fever is endemic. Extra-intestinal infection due to Salmonella enterica Paratyphi A is uncommon, and involvement of the breast is particularly rare.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 36-year-old immunocompetent, non-lactating female who presented with a four week history of pain and swelling in the right breast. Ultrasound revealed a localized abscess, which was aspirated yielding purulent material. Culture identified Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A, sensitive to ampicillin and ceftriaxone but resistant to ciprofloxacin. The patient responded completely to targeted antibiotic therapy following drainage, with no recurrence on follow-up.

Conclusion: This case highlights an uncommon presentation of S. paratyphi A in a healthy individual without systemic features of enteric fever. Awareness of this rare entity is essential, as clinical features may mimic pyogenic or tubercular mastitis, leading to delayed or inappropriate therapy. Culture confirmation and antibiotic susceptibility testing remain crucial for optimal management and favorable outcomes.