Pattern of blood utilization and blood wastage at blood bank of a tertiary care hospital in Lahore

Abstract

Objective: To analyze pattern of blood component utilisation and determine the extent and causes of blood wastage in the blood bank of a tertiary care hospital in Lahore.

Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted at the Blood Bank of Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, from January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2023.Board. Data on the number and type of blood components prepared, issued, and discarded were retrieved from blood bank record. Causes of blood wastage, including expiry, transfusion reactions, delayed return after issuance, broken bags or seals, and haemolysed or clotted units, were reviewed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24, and results were expressed as frequencies and percentages.

Results: A total of 9,406 blood donations were collected. Of these, 8129 units were issued to clinical departments, while 1,277 units were discarded, resulting in wastage rate of 13.5%. Whole blood (41.8%) and red cell concentrates (36.8%) were most frequently utilized. The Intensive Care Unit (21.4%), Gynecology and Obstetrics (19.9%), and Medical units (16.7%) were the leading end users. Expired units accounted for 96% of blood wastage, with fresh frozen plasma forming the largest proportion (45%).

Conclusion: Whole blood and red cell concentrates were the most commonly used components. Blood wastage exceeded international benchmarks, with expiry as the predominant cause. Regular audits, rational ordering, and adherence to transfusion guidelines are essential to optimize utilization and minimize losses.