The interaction of intestinal microbiota and diabetes mellitus: A database-based quantitative analysis and visualization

Abstract

Objective: To comprehensively characterize the composition and structure of intestinal microbiota in Type-II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and identify microbial taxa associated with metabolic parameters, particularly body mass index (BMI), using integrated multi-database analysis and quantitative visualization approaches.

Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted at The Hospital of the 82nd Group Army of the PLA from 2024 to 2025, using data from public repositories. Using multi omics sample analysis methods, quantitative analysis and visualization of the interactions between gut microbiota and diabetes mellitus were discovered and explained. The original data was obtained from the NCBI and GMrepo databases. The abundance of gut microbiota was analyzed and visualized in diabetic patients of various BMI indexes, sexes, and ages.

Results: A comprehensive analysis of 2,457 bacterial species and 550 genera revealed Bacteroides as the most abundant genus (11.29%), followed by Faecalibacterium (4.70%). Bacteroides, particularly B. fragilis, correlated with BMI and was consistently abundant across ages. In diabetic patients, females exhibited higher microbial abundance than males, with Bacteroides representing 20.95% and 18.49%, respectively.

Conclusion: This study offers a comprehensive view of the interplay between intestinal microbiota and diabetes mellitus in patients.