Combined effect of Tislelizumab and chemotherapy on tumor control rate and prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer

Abstract

Objective: Exploring the effect of the combined regimen of Tislelizumab and chemotherapy on tumor control rate and prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods: This retrospective analysis included data of 80 SCLC patients treated in Jiangxi Cancer Hospital from April 2021 to April 2023. Forty patients who were treated with a combination of chemotherapy and Tislelizumab (the Combined group) were matched in a 1:1 ratio with a cohort receiving chemotherapy alone (the Chemotherapy group). Levels of tumor markers and T cell subsets in both groups were compared before and after treatment. After six months of follow-up, the early disease recurrence rate and survival rate of the two groups were compared.

Results: The tumor control rate of the Combined group was higher than that of the Chemotherapy group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and cytokeratin-19-fragment (CYFRA21-1) in both groups decreased compared to before treatment and were lower in the Combined group compared to the Chemotherapy group (P<0.05). Combined treatment was associated with higher levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ (P<0.05). The disease recurrence rate was lower, and the survival rate was higher in the patients who received the combined treatment than those treated by the chemotherapy alone (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Adopting the conventional combination of Tislelizumab and chemotherapy to treat SCLC can downregulate tumor marker levels, improve immune function, enhance treatment efficacy, and ensure disease prognosis. Longer follow-up is needed to confirm long-term prognostic benefits.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.5.11530

How to cite this: Zhong N, Zhong M, Zhuang W. Combined effect of Tislelizumab and chemotherapy on tumor control rate and prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(5):1331-1336. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.5.11530

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