@article{Khan_Saba_Kausar_Siddique_2019, title={Pattern of electrolyte imbalance in Type 2 diabetes patients: Experience from a tertiary care hospital: Pattern of electrolyte imbalance in type 2 diabetes patients}, volume={35}, url={https://pjms.org.pk/index.php/pjms/article/view/844}, DOI={10.12669/pjms.35.3.844}, abstractNote={<p><em><strong>Objective:</strong></em> To determine frequency of electrolyte imbalance including sodium, chloride, potassium and magnesium levels present in patients with uncontrolled diabetes at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.</p> <p><em><strong>Methods:</strong></em> This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Medicine Department, Darul Sehat Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from March 2017 to October 2017. A total of one hundred and eighty one admitted and OPD patients with uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c more than 7%) were included and their demographics, comorbidities, microvascular complications, drug history, fasting and random blood glucose and serum electrolyte levels were recorded.</p> <p><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> In uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, decrease in serum sodium and chloride levels were observed to be statistically highly significant (p-value less than or equal to 0.05) while that of potassium and magnesium showed insignificant alterations. Sodium level was also observed to decline with increasing pattern of urine for microalbumin.</p> <p><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong> </em>Electrolyte imbalance is markedly present in patients with uncontrolled blood sugars therefore serum electrolytes should be routinely measured in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum fasting blood glucose can be used as a predictor for electrolytes.</p> <p><strong>doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.844</strong></p> <p><em><strong>How to cite this:</strong></em><br>Khan RN, Saba F, Kausar SF, Siddiqui MH. Pattern of electrolyte imbalance in Type 2 diabetes patients: Experience from a tertiary care hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):797-801. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.844</p> <p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p&gt;}, number={3}, journal={Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences}, author={Khan, Rashid Naseem and Saba, Farhana and Kausar, Syedhh Fatima and Siddique, Mohammad Hassan}, year={2019}, month={May} }